US Explosives Trace Detection (ETD) Technologies & Markets – 2010 – 2014
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Publication: 07/2009, Pages: 140, Figures: 56, Tables: 32

This report forecasts the market through an in depth analysis of seven ETD market segments, reviews market trends and present and pipeline ETD technologies. The report concludes that the lion share of this market’s expansion will be driven by federally-mandated security/detection protocols and an increase in the number of secure facilities.
This market research provides exclusive insights into this vibrant industry, including analysis by 5 categories:
- Market Segmentation by End Customer – (e.g., Airports, secured facilities, 1st responders bomb search teams, mail facilities)
- Market Segmentation by Product – (e. g., Hand held and tabletop systems, people screening portals )
- Market Segmentation by Commercial Sectors – (e.g., Systems market, service, consumables and upgrade markets)
- Business Opportunities by Threats & Vulnerabilities – (e.g., Secondary bomb search, aviation security, infrastructure security)
- Market Drivers & Inhibitors – Shaping the growth opportunities in the ETD Markets
The following factors will impact this forecasted market growth:
- The Obama administration is committed to accelerating the deployment of state-of-the-art airport cabin and checked baggage screening systems
- There is currently no other modality that can compete with ETD’s cost-performance in the detection and identification of explosives.
- The need to secure over 15000 government and private sector secured facilities
- Congress is applying bi-partisan pressure on the TSA to implement 100% Air Cargo screening on scheduled passenger flights
- The proliferation of ETD-based People Screening Portals on the backdrop of the negative public reaction toward MM-Wave and X-Ray based People Screening Portals
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| 1. Scope | 16 |
| 1.1. Basic Assumptions | 16 |
| 1.1.1. Is There a Threat? | 16 |
| 1.1.2. Possible Scenario Analysis | 17 |
| 1.1.3. Additional Assumptions | 18 |
| 1.2. Methodology | 18 |
| 1.2.1. Research Methods | 18 |
| 1.2.2. Report Structure | 19 |
| 1.2.3. Who Is This Report For? | 19 |
| 1.3. Types of Explosives Detection | 20 |
| 1.3.1. Explosives Trace Detection (ETD) | 20 |
| 1.3.2. Bulk Explosives Detection | 20 |
| 2. Executive Summary | 22 |
| 2.1. Major Findings | 22 |
| 2.2. Major Conclusions | 25 |
| 2.3. The Econimic Slowdown – Impact on the ETD Market | 26 |
| 2.3.1. Economy Downturn Impacts on ETD Sub-markets | 27 |
| 2.4. ETD Market Outlook – 2010-2014 | 29 |
| 3. ETD Market – Drivers | 33 |
| 4. ETD Market – Inhibitors | 34 |
| 5. The Impact of the 2009 “American Recovery and Reinvestment Act” on the ETD Market | 35 |
| 6. Current Explosives Trace Detection (ETD) Technologies | 37 |
| 6.1. Explosives Trace Detection (ETD) | 38 |
| 6.1.1. ETD Principles of Operation | 38 |
| 6.1.2. ETD Based Checked Luggage Screening | 40 |
| 6.2. ETD Core Technologies | 43 |
| 6.2.1. Ion Mobility Spectroscopy (IMS) | 45 |
| 6.2.2. ChemiLuminescence (CL) | 46 |
| 6.2.3. Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) | 47 |
| 6.2.4. Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) Advantages: | 47 |
| 6.2.5. Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) | 48 |
| 6.3. ETD Based People Screening Portals | 49 |
| 7. ETD Systems Market Outlook – 2010-2014 | 53 |
| 7.1. Airport Cabin – Baggage Screening | 53 |
| 7.2. Secured Facilities – Explosives Screening | 55 |
| 7.3. Airport Checked Luggage Screening | 59 |
| 7.3.1. Airport Checked Luggage Screening Process | 59 |
| 7.3.2. Airport Checked Luggage Screening Market | 60 |
| 7.4. Air Cargo Screening | 64 |
| 7.4.1. Air Cargo Screening Market Background | 64 |
| 7.4.2. Air Cargo Security Policy | 65 |
| 7.4.3. TSA Air Cargo Security – Pilot Programs | 69 |
| 7.4.4. Evaluating Air Cargo ETD Technology | 70 |
| 7.4.5. The Cost of 100% Air Cargo Screening | 71 |
| 7.4.6. Air Cargo Screening ETD Market Outlook – 2010-2014 | 72 |
| 7.5. People Screening Portals | 75 |
| 7.6. Mail Items Screening | 79 |
| 7.7. 1st Responders Bomb Search ETD | 82 |
| 8. ETD Service, Consumables & Upgrade Market Outlook – 2010-2014 | 86 |
| 8.1. Market by Applications | 86 |
| 8.2. Market Structure | 87 |
| 9. ETD Product Comparison | 89 |
| 9.1. Desktop ETD | 89 |
| 9.2. Portable (Swab) ETD | 90 |
| 9.3. Hand Held ETD | 90 |
| 9.4. Document Scanners ETD | 90 |
| 9.5. People Screening ETD Portals | 91 |
| 10. ETD Business Opportunities | 92 |
| 10.1. Improved Detection Quality | 92 |
| 10.2. Enable Multiple-threat Detection | 93 |
| 10.3. ReduceTransaction Cost | 93 |
| 10.4. Increase Automation | 93 |
| 10.5. Reduce Throughput Delays | 93 |
| 10.6. Ease of Integration | 93 |
| 10.7. Medium Capacity, Multi-Threat Screening Systems | 93 |
| 10.8. Upgraded Bio-Chem, Narcotics & Explosives Multi-Threat Trace Detection Screening | 94 |
| 10.9. “Power” Multi-Threat ETD Vapor-trace Collector | 94 |
| 10.1. Fused Technology Screening Systems with RFID and Risk Assessment Infrastructure | 94 |
| 10.11. Third Party Service | 94 |
| 11. Technology Outlook – 2010-2014 | 95 |
| 11.1. Techno-Tactical Needs | 95 |
| 11.2. ETD of the Future: Techno-Tactical Drivers | 95 |
| 11.3. ETD of the Future: Performance & Operational Goals | 96 |
| 11.4. Advanced Sample Collection | 96 |
| 11.5. Dual technology ETD | 97 |
| 11.5.1. Integrated Explosives, Chemical Warfare and Narcotics Trace Detectors | 97 |
| 12. Appendix A: TSA Checked Luggage EDS & ETD Screening Configurations | 98 |
| 13. Appendix B: TSA Air Cargo Facility Regulations | 105 |
| 14. Appendix C: TSA Checked Luggage Systems | 108 |
| 15. Appendix D: The DOJ ETD Evaluation Protocol for 1st Responders | 110 |
| 15.1. Introduction | 110 |
| 15.2. The Basics of Instrument Operation | 110 |
| 15.3. Protocol for Characterizing a Trace Explosives Detector | 113 |
| 15.3.1. Probability of Detection – P(d) | 114 |
| 15.3.2. Detection Limit (DL) | 114 |
| 15.3.3. False-Negative Rate | 115 |
| 15.3.4. False-Positive Test | 115 |
| 15.3.5. Nuisance-Alarm Rate | 116 |
| 15.3.6. Interference Tests | 116 |
| 15.3.7. Throughput Rate | 117 |
| 15.3.8. Sampling Time | 118 |
| 15.3.9. Analysis Time | 118 |
| 15.3.10. Total Processing Time | 119 |
| 16. Appendix E: TSA Glossary | 120 |
List of Tables
Table 1 – USA Potential Targets Requiring ETD Screening
Table 2 – Economic Recession Impacts on ETD Sub-markets
Table 3 – U.S. ETD (Systems Sales, Service, Consumables & Upgrade) Market by Application [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 4 – U.S. ETD (Systems Sales, Service, Consumables & Upgrade) Market Structure [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 5 – U.S. ETD (Systems Sales, Service, Consumables & Upgrade) Market Segmentation [%] – 2008-2014
Table 6 – ETD vs. Bulk Explosives Detection Technologies
Table 7 – Checked Luggage Screening TSA Approved ETD Systems Performance
Table 8 – Trace Explosive Detection Technologies
Table 9 – ETD Portals – Sensor Technology Comparison
Table 10 – ETD Market: Airport Cabin Baggage Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 11 – Airport Cabin Baggage Screening ETD Market [Unit] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 12 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 13 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market [Unit] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 14 – ETD Market: Airport Checked Luggage Screening Sector [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 15 – Airport Checked Luggage ETD Market [Units] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 16 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 17 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening Market [Units] & Market Share in Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 18 – ETD Based People Screening Portals Sector Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 19 – ETD Based People Screening Portals [Unit] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market Outlook [%] – 2008-2014
Table 20 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 21 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market [Units] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 22 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 23 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market [Units] & Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008-2014
Table 24 – U.S. ETD Service, Consumables and Upgrade Market by Application [$M] – 2008-2014
Table 25 – U.S. ETD Service, Consumables and Upgrade Market Structure [%] – 2008-2014
Table 26 – Desktop ETD: Products Price, Technologies & Capabilities Comparison
Table 27 – Portable (Swab) ETD: Products Price, Technologies & Capabilities Comparison
Table 28 – Hand-Held ETD: Products Price, Technologies & Capabilities Comparison
Table 29 – Document Scanners ETD: Products Price, Technologies & Capabilities Comparison
Table 30 – People Screening ETD Portals Price Comparison
Table 31 – Potential ETD Machines-Equipment Assumptions
Table 32 – ETD Geometrical & Power Consumption Specification Characteristics
List of Figures
Figure 1 – Airport Explosives Threats Vectors
Figure 2 – Explosives Bulk and Trace Detection
Figure 3 – Air-Cargo Screening & Checked Luggagge Screening In The Ensemble Of Airport Security Means
Figure 4 – ETD Modalities Timeline – 2008-2020
Figure 5 – ETD (Systems Sales, Service, Consumables & Upgrade) Market [$ Million] – 2010-2014
Figure 6 – ETD (Systems Sales, Service, Consumables & Upgrade) Market [%] by Application – 2008 & 2014
Figure 7 – U.S. ETD (Systems Sales, Service, and Consumables & Upgrade) Market Fragmentation [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 8 – Figure Explosives Detection Technologies: Bulk vs. Trace
Figure 9 – Trace Detection General Principle of Operation
Figure 10 – ETD Operational Workflow
Figure 11 – Standalone EDS and ETD Luggage Screening Configuration
Figure 12 – Stand-Alone Table Top ETD Systems Configuration for Small Airports
Figure 13 – The Airborne Concentration of Various Explosives
Figure 14 – Typical Sensitivity of Various Explosive Trace Detection Technologies
Figure 15 – Tabletop ETD
Figure 16 – ETD People Screening Portals
Figure 17 – ETD People Screening Portals – Principle of Operation
Figure 18 – ETD Market: Airport Cabin Baggage Screening Sector [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 19 – ETD Market: Airport Cabin Baggage Screening Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 20 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 21 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market by Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 22 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market [Units] – 2008-2014
Figure 23 – Secured Facilities Explosives Screening ETD Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 24 – Schematic Diagram of EDS and ETD Checked Luggage Flow Chart
Figure 25 – ETD Market: Airport Checked Luggage Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 26 – ETD Market: Airport Checked Luggage Screening Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 27 – Airport Checked Luggage ETD Market [Units]
Figure 28 – Airport Checked Luggage ETD Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 29 – U.S. Air Cargo Shipments: FAA Historic Data and Forecasts (FY1999-FY2020)
Figure 30 – Flow of Cargo from Shipper to Air Carrier
Figure 31 – Screening Air Cargo Using Explosives Trace Detection and Loading It onto Passenger Aircraft
Figure 32 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 33 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening by Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 34 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening Market Outlook [Unit] – 2008-2014
Figure 35 – ETD Based Air Cargo Screening Market Share in Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 $ 2014
Figure 36 – ETD Based People Screening Portals Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 37 – ETD Based People Screening Portals by Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 38 – ETD Based People Screening Portals Market [Unit] – 2008-2014
Figure 39 – ETD Based People Screening Portals Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 40 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 41 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market by Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 42 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market Outlook [Units] – 2008-2014
Figure 43 – ETD Based Mail Items Screening Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 44 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market Outlook [$M] – 2008-2014
Figure 45 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market by Sector [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 46 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market Outlook [Units] – 2008-2014
Figure 47 – ETD Based 1st Responders Bomb Search Market Share in the Total ETD Market [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 48 – U.S. ETD Systems Service and Upgrade Market by Application [$Million] – 2010-2014
Figure 49 – U.S. ETD Systems Service and Upgrade Market Structure [%] – 2008 & 2014
Figure 50 – The ETD Performance Criteria
Figure 51 – Checked Luggage ETD-EDS Screening Configuration – 1
Figure 52 – Checked Luggage ETD-EDS Screening Configuration – 2
Figure 53 – Schematic Visualization of a Mini in-Line System
Figure 54 – Checked Luggage ETD-EDS Screening Configuration – 3 Mini In-Line System with Light Integration
Figure 55 – Checked Luggage ETD-EDS Screening Configuration – Stand-Alone EDS
Figure 56 – Stand-Alone Checked Luggage ETD System
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